Hello everyone,
we are talking today about Hyaline membrane disease ,which affect neonates.
What is hylaine membrane disease?
it is the disease of surfactant deficiency int the alveoli.
Clinical picture:
Respiratory distress and the course aggravates rapidly during the first 24 hours and then stabilized in the next few days
- tachypnea>60 /minute
- acting ala nasi
- intercostal and subcostal retractions
- grunting
- cyanosis
Diagnosis
1-clinical
2-radio:ground glass mottling on x ray,small lung volume.
3-lab: hypoxemia,mixed acidosis
Prevention
Dexamethasone given IM at 34 week of gestation
prophylactic surfactant to the trachea of the newborn
Treatment
Stabilization of the baby ( thermally)
iv fluids and even parenteral nutrition
warm and humidifed oxygen on CPAP and even mechanical ventilation if needed
surfactant via endotracheal tube during forst 24h.
Complications:
- Patent ductus arteriosis due to hypoxemia
- respiratory failure
- heart failure due to hypoxemia and myocardial dysfunction
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