What is Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn ?
it is the disease of vit k deficiency in newborn which affects the coagulation factors (2,7,9,10) and in turn leads to hemorrhage .
it presents by bleeding from the umbilicus,GIT,even intracranial hemorrhage between 2-7 days after birth.
it is the most common cause of bleeding in noenates.
Causes:
- Low vit k stores in the liver
- low vit k in breast milk
- sterile gut(bacterial flora still absent
Investigations:
- Prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time
- normal bleeding time and platelets count
Prevention
1mg vit k Im or SC at birth
Treatment
- 2-5 mg vit k
- fresh frozen plasma transfusion
- fresh blood transfusion if there is massive blood loss
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